Cancer is a complex and devastating disease that can affect various parts of the human body. One specific type of cancer, head and neck cancer, specifically targets the regions encompassing the mouth, throat, nasal cavity, sinuses, salivary glands, and lymph nodes. The impact of this cancer can be profound, affecting essential functions such as speaking, eating, and daily activities. Fortunately, medical advancements have paved the way for various effective treatment options specifically designed to combat this form of cancer. This blog will delve into the different approaches to treating this particular form of cancer.
Surgery for Head and Neck Cancer
When it comes to head and neck cancer, surgery often plays a vital role in treatment. The surgical procedures recommended can vary depending on the location and stage of the cancer. Some common surgical interventions include:
- Tumour resection: This procedure entails the surgical extraction of the tumour along with a narrow strip of healthy tissue surrounding it.
- Lymph node dissection: When the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes, surgeons may remove these nodes to prevent further metastasis.
- Reconstructive surgery: Following tumour removal, reconstructive surgery may be performed to restore the affected area’s appearance and functionality. This can involve tissue grafts or the use of prosthetic devices.
Radiation Therapy: A Viable Option
Radiation therapy, also called radiotherapy, utilises high-energy X-rays or alternative types of radiation to specifically target and eradicate cancer cells. This treatment option can be employed with surgery or as a standalone primary treatment for this type of cancer. Radiation therapy can be delivered either externally or internally. External beam radiation therapy involves directing radiation from outside the body towards the tumour, while internal radiation therapy (brachytherapy) involves placing radioactive material directly into or near the tumour.
The Role of Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is using drugs that can kill cancer cells or inhibit their growth. This treatment modality can be administered intravenously or orally, and it serves various purposes when treating the cancer:
- Induction chemotherapy: Administered before surgery or radiation therapy, induction chemotherapy aims to shrink tumours, making them more manageable for subsequent treatments.
- Concurrent chemotherapy: In some cases, chemotherapy may be given alongside radiation therapy to enhance its effectiveness.
- Adjuvant chemotherapy: Given after surgery or radiation therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy helps eliminate any remaining cancer cells and reduces the risk of recurrence.
Targeted Therapy: Precision Treatment
Targeted therapy offers a more focused approach by targeting specific genetic mutations or proteins in cancer growth. By disrupting the signals that promote cancer cell growth and survival, targeted therapies like cetuximab can be used in combination with other treatments, such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy.
Harnessing the Power of Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy has revolutionised cancer treatment by utilising the body’s natural immune system to fight against cancer cells. Specifically, immune checkpoint inhibitors, which are a type of immunotherapy, release the brakes on the immune system, empowering it to identify and target cancer cells with greater precision and efficacy. Immunotherapy has shown promising results in certain types of cancers, especially those expressing specific biomarkers like PD-L1.
Palliative Care: Improving Quality of Life
Palliative care plays a crucial role in managing this form of cancer. It focuses on enhancing the quality of life for patients by providing relief from symptoms and side effects such as pain, difficulty swallowing, and speech problems. Palliative care can be incorporated into the comprehensive treatment plan starting from the time of diagnosis and can be continued concurrently with curative treatments.
Conclusion:
Head and neck cancer, with its profound impact on crucial bodily functions, necessitates a comprehensive approach to treatment. Surgical interventions, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and palliative care are among the treatment options available. Decisions regarding treatment depend on factors such as cancer stage, location, overall health, and personalised considerations. Hence, collaboration among diverse specialists is essential to create an all-encompassing treatment strategy that is customised to meet the unique needs of every patient.
We are not doctors and this is in no way intended to be used as medical advice and we cannot be held responsible for your results. As with any product, service or supplement, use at your own risk. Always do your own research before using.
Meg is an author at Cinnamon Hollow. She writes on a variety of topics sharing tips and ideas for daily life.